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🌡️ Temperature Converter

Convert between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin

Celsius (°C)100
Fahrenheit (°F)212
Kelvin (K)373.15

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Temperature Converter Instructions

The temperature converter supports conversion between the three most commonly used temperature scales: Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), and Kelvin (K). Enter a value and select the source unit to see the equivalent values in all temperature scales simultaneously.

Unlike other physical quantities, temperature conversion is **non-linear** — because different temperature scales define their zero points differently. The zero points of Celsius and Kelvin differ by 273.15 degrees, while Fahrenheit's zero point is the freezing point of brine (-17.78°C). This difference means temperature conversion requires handling both an offset and a scaling factor.

Temperature Conversion Formulas

【Celsius ↔ Fahrenheit】
°F = °C × 9/5 + 32
°C = (°F - 32) × 5/9

【Celsius ↔ Kelvin】
K = °C + 273.15
°C = K - 273.15

【Fahrenheit ↔ Kelvin】
K = (°F + 459.67) × 5/9
°F = K × 9/5 - 459.67

【Important Reference Points】
Absolute zero: 0K = -273.15°C = -459.67°F
Freezing point of water: 0°C = 32°F = 273.15K
Boiling point of water: 100°C = 212°F = 373.15K
Body temperature: 37°C ≈ 98.6°F = 310.15K

Conversion Examples

📋
【Example 1】Oven temperature Recipe calls for 350°F = (350-32)×5/9 = 176.7°C ≈ Medium-high heat setting 【Example 2】Travel weather Destination forecast: 86°F = (86-32)×5/9 = 30°C → Warm and comfortable 【Example 3】Scientific experiment Liquid nitrogen boiling point: -196°C = -320.8°F = 77.15K Absolute zero: -273.15°C = 0K 【Example 4】Daily scenarios AC cooling set to 26°C = 78.8°F = 299.15K Refrigerator: 4°C = 39.2°F

Important Notes

💡
- The temperature difference in Celsius and Kelvin is the same (1°C change = 1K change), only the zero points differ - Fahrenheit has a different scale ratio from the other two (1°C = 1.8°F) - Weather forecasts use °F in the US, °C in China/Europe, and K in scientific research - In cooking, "medium heat" is about 180°C (356°F), "high heat" is about 220°C (428°F) - Medically, body temperature >37.3°C (99.1°F) is a low-grade fever, >38°C (100.4°F) is a high fever

Application Scenarios

  • - International travel: Convert local Fahrenheit temperatures to easily understood Celsius
  • - Baking and cooking: Convert °F in foreign recipes to °C settings for home ovens
  • - Science education: Understand the concept of absolute temperature in thermodynamics
  • - Healthcare: Cross-scale comparison of body temperature measurements
  • - Industrial production: International standard comparison for material melting points and reaction temperatures

Historical Background of the Three Temperature Scales

The **Celsius scale** was proposed by Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius in 1742 (originally reversed: 0 = boiling water, 100 = ice water). The **Fahrenheit scale** was proposed by German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1724, based on human body temperature (96°F) and the freezing point of brine (0°F). The **Kelvin scale** was established by British physicist Lord Kelvin in 1848, based on the second law of thermodynamics, and is the standard temperature scale in science.

Interestingly, only five countries — the United States, the Bahamas, Belize, the Cayman Islands, and Palau — still primarily use Fahrenheit in daily life. The vast majority of countries worldwide (including the UK) have switched to Celsius.

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